Debian 12 安装记录

TMaize 于 2024-07-21 发布

记录下 Debian 12 安装过程

https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-dvd/debian-12.6.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso

配置软件源

安装完成后默认镜像源是 CD ROM 需要调整下

nano /etc/apt/sources.list

# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/debian/

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

镜像配置好后更新下系统，如果更新时提示 SSL 错误，可以先将 sources.list 中的 https 改为 http，升级完成后再改回去

apt update && apt upgrade

配置 Vim

默认自带是 vim 并不是完整版的，使用上有好多问题，需要重新安装

apt remove vim-common
apt install vim

调整 vim 配置 ~/.vimrc

syntax off

set number
set showmode
set showcmd
set t_Co=256
set cursorline
set nowrap
set noswapfile


set encoding=utf-8
set langmenu=zh_CN.UTF-8
language message zh_CN.UTF-8
set fileencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb18030,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1

安装 Git

apt install git
git config --global user.name ming
git config --global user.email admin@ming.net
git config --global --list

安装 ZSH

apt install zsh
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh
sh install.sh

调整 .zshrc

plugins=(git)

# 解决 git 分支不显示
zstyle ':omz:alpha:lib:git' async-prompt no

# 关闭更新
zstyle ':omz:update' mode disabled

安装 Ruby

apt install ruby ruby-dev

安装 Docker

docker 官网无法访问了，这里使用清华的镜像源

for pkg in docker.io docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do apt-get remove $pkg; done

apt-get update
apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/debian/gpg | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/debian \
  "$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
  tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

apt-get update
apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

最新版本的 docker-compose 是通过 docker compose 使用，如果想使用 docker-compose 可以将其暴露出来

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins

Docker 镜像加速

国内DockerHub镜像加速器还有哪些可用？(2024年7月18日)

一些可用的镜像地址：

使用方式 1：

# docker pull nginx:latest
docker pull dockerpull.com/library/nginx:latest
docker tag dockerpull.com/library/nginx:latest nginx::latest
docker rmi dockerpull.com/library/nginx:latest

使用方式 2：

tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
    "registry-mirrors": [
      "https://docker.beitai.cc",
      "https://dockerpull.com",
      "https://dockerproxy.cn",
      "https://dockerhub.icu"
    ]
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

Virtualbox 增强功能

mkdir cdrom
mount /dev/cdrom cdrom
apt install build-essential dkms
sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run --nox11